Get the number you need before you make the call.

What does my "%" really mean?

Markup vs Profit Margin

Finance term: Markup and gross margin

Enter the percentage you know and see the matching percentage on the other side, so you do not price from the wrong number.

How much of each sale is left after product costs?

Profit Left After Product Costs

Finance term: Gross profit margin / GP%

See how much money is left after the cost of the products you sold, in dollars and as a share of sales.

How many units do I need to sell to cover my fixed costs?

Sales Needed to Cover Fixed Costs

Finance term: Break-even units

See how many units you need to sell before the fixed costs you entered are covered at your current price and per-sale cost.

What should I charge?

What Should I Charge?

Finance term: Target selling price / target margin

Enter your cost, fees and the margin you want to keep. Koala works backwards to the selling price needed to get there.

What's the lowest price I can sell for?

Lowest Price That Still Works

Finance term: Minimum profitable price / floor price

See the lowest selling price that still leaves the margin you chose after product cost and the fees you entered.

What's the most I can pay for this product?

Most You Can Pay for the Product

Finance term: Maximum product cost / cost ceiling

Start with the selling price and margin you want, then see the highest product cost the numbers can support.

How much money does each sale leave after direct costs?

Money Left From Each Sale

Finance term: Contribution margin

See what each sale leaves after the product cost and other costs that happen with that sale — money that can then cover wages and other costs.

My costs went up. What should I charge now?

What Should I Charge After Costs Go Up?

Finance term: Cost increase repricing / margin preservation

Enter the old and new product cost to see the price needed to keep the same margin, plus what happens if you leave the price unchanged.

What should my wholesale/retail price be?

Wholesale & Retail Price Ladder

Finance term: Wholesale / retail margin ladder

Build wholesale and retail prices sequentially from the costs, fees and margin targets you enter for each leg instead of assuming a generic markup.

What does a price change actually do to my profit?

Impact of a Price Increase

The upside ceiling of a price change at constant volume — and the practical advice to test before rolling out.

What does this discount do to contribution?

What This Discount Does to Contribution

Finance term: Discount contribution impact

See how much contribution the discount gives up at the same sales volume, then the exact catch-up volume where one exists.

How many extra sales does this discount need?

Extra Sales Needed to Cover a Discount

Finance term: Discount break-even volume

See how many extra sales the discount needs to reproduce the same total contribution you make at the current price.

What order value earns free shipping?

Order Value Needed for Free Shipping

Finance term: Free-shipping threshold

Estimate the order threshold that preserves the gross-profit dollars in your current average order while absorbing the shipping cost you enter.

How do I word an overdue-invoice reminder?

Collections Letter

Draft three escalating versions of a collections letter for an overdue invoice. Friendly reminder, firmer notice, formal demand.

What do my ads leave after direct costs and ad spend?

What My Ads Leave After Direct Costs

Finance term: Advertising contribution / ad economics

Go past attributed sales and see what is left after the product-cost basis you enter and ad spend, before wages and other costs.

How much attributed sales do my ads return for every $1 spent?

Sales Back From Ad Spend

Finance term: ROAS — Return on Ad Spend

See how many dollars of attributed sales you record for every dollar of ad spend. ROAS is a revenue-efficiency metric, not profit.

What ROAS exactly covers ad spend on my contribution economics?

Break-Even Ad Return

Finance term: Break-even ROAS

See the mathematical ROAS where the pre-ad contribution economics you enter exactly cover ad spend, with an optional cushion you choose.

What does a new customer cost me?

Cost to Win a New Customer

Finance term: CAC — Customer Acquisition Cost

Enter what you spent to win customers and how many genuinely new customers came from the same acquisition scope.

What share of matched sessions convert?

Sessions That Convert

Finance term: Conversion rate

See what share of matched sessions become conversions using the same reporting definition and period.

What does an average customer contribute over their buying pattern?

Customer Lifetime Contribution

Finance term: Customer Lifetime Value (LTV / CLV)

Calculate revenue and contribution LTV from the customer buying pattern and direct product-cost or margin basis you enter.

How does customer contribution compare with acquisition cost?

Customer Value vs Cost to Win Them

Finance term: LTV:CAC

Compare contribution LTV with CAC on the same customer definition. The ratio is shown without applying a universal healthy or scaling threshold.

Was this campaign actually worth it?

Marketing ROI

Finance term: Marketing ROI

Compare the campaign contribution basis entered with campaign cost to calculate ROI, without treating attributed revenue itself as profit.

What is the highest CAC my customer economics support?

Most You Can Spend to Win a Customer

Finance term: Maximum CAC

See the acquisition-cost ceiling supported by the customer contribution and profit/payback limits you choose. It is a ceiling, not a spending recommendation.

What does each lead or sale cost me?

Cost Per Lead or Acquisition

Finance term: CPL / CPA — Cost Per Lead / Acquisition

See what each lead and completed acquisition costs from one matched marketing funnel and spend figure.

What am I paying per click?

Cost Per Click

Finance term: CPC

See how much each recorded ad click costs from your total ad spend and click count.

What do I pay per 1,000 impressions?

Cost Per 1,000 Impressions

Finance term: CPM — Cost per 1,000 impressions

See what you pay for every 1,000 recorded ad impressions. Impressions are not unique people reached.

What is my recorded click-through rate?

Clicks Per Impression

Finance term: CTR — Click-Through Rate

Divide recorded click events by impressions for the same platform scope and period. Event-based click counts can exceed impressions on some reporting definitions.

How much traffic do I need to hit my goal?

How Much Traffic Do I Need?

Finance term: Traffic requirement / funnel maths

Start with the sales target, average order value and conversion rate you choose, then calculate the session volume implied by that scenario.

Did this email campaign actually make money?

Email Campaign Economics

Finance term: Email ROI

Model the sales and contribution implied by the email funnel rates you enter, then compare that with program cost.

Is this influencer deal worth it?

Influencer Deal ROI

Finance term: Influencer ROI

Compare attributed contribution with the deal and commission costs entered to calculate the return on that spend.

Can I afford this commission rate?

How Much Commission Can I Afford?

Finance term: Affiliate commission ceiling

See the mathematical commission ceiling left by the order economics you enter. Treat it as a boundary, not a recommended rate.

How much room is left for marketing in my current monthly sales?

Room for Marketing in Current Sales

Finance term: Marketing affordability ceiling

See the maximum room left for marketing inside the current monthly sales and cost envelope you enter. It is not a recommendation to spend the full amount.

What is the economic impact of my returns?

Economic Impact of Returns

Finance term: Return economics / reverse logistics

Model the monthly economic impact of returned orders versus those same orders being kept, including product-cost recovery and return-specific costs.

How much do I make per order?

Money Left From Each Order

Finance term: Order contribution / order profit

See what one order leaves after the product, payment, marketplace, shipping and other per-order costs you entered.

How much checkout value is not converting?

Checkout Value That Does Not Convert

Finance term: Checkout abandonment

Compare checkouts started with completed orders, then optionally model a recovery rate you choose instead of assuming one.

How much does the average customer order spend?

Average Spend Per Order

Finance term: Average Order Value (AOV)

See how much an average customer order is worth from your total sales and order count.

What are payment fees costing me?

What Payment Fees Cost You

Finance term: Payment processing cost

See what card and payment-processing fees take from a matched sales and transaction cohort and what that works out to per transaction.

What is the marketplace taking?

What the Marketplace Is Taking

Finance term: Marketplace commission / fee load

Add the commissions, listing charges and fixed order fees that actually apply to see the cost for the marketplace activity entered.

How much is shipping hurting profit?

What Shipping Is Taking From Each Order

Finance term: Shipping margin impact

Compare what delivery costs you with what the customer pays, then see the monthly profit drag from the difference.

What does this product really cost landed?

What the Product Really Costs Landed

Finance term: Landed cost

Add the supplier cost and the freight, duty, customs, insurance, packaging and other landed costs that actually apply to the unit.

How much are returns costing me?

Cost of One Return

Finance term: Fully loaded return cost

See the economic impact of one return after return-specific costs, product-cost recovery and any fee you keep.

What's my checkout conversion?

How Many Checkouts Become Orders

Finance term: Checkout conversion rate

See what share of matched checkout sessions become paid orders for the same reporting scope and period.

What are my subscription unit economics?

Subscription Unit Economics

Finance term: Subscription contribution / LTV:CAC

Combine price, per-subscriber costs and churn to estimate contribution LTV, then add CAC if you want payback and acquisition economics.

What should my minimum order be?

Lowest Order Value That Still Works

Finance term: Minimum order value / order floor

See the mathematical order-value threshold implied by the dollar costs, percentage fees and margin target you enter.

How do I write a clean invoice or quote?

Invoice or Quote

Draft a clean invoice or quote from a few basics — line items, totals and notes, no accounting software required.

How do I tell customers the price is changing?

Price Increase Notice

Compose a customer-facing email announcing a planned price change — keep the relationship intact.

How do I nudge an unpaid invoice politely?

Payment Reminder

A friendly pre-due nudge email — the gentler step before escalating to a collections letter.

What should my refund & return policy say?

Refund & Return Policy

Generate a store return / refund policy from your window, conditions and refund-method inputs.

How fast is my stock moving?

Sales vs Stock Received

Finance term: Sell-through rate

Compare units sold with units received in the same period. The result can exceed 100% when sales also draw on opening inventory.

How quickly am I selling and replacing my stock?

How Fast Your Stock Turns

Finance term: Inventory turnover

Compare COGS with average inventory at cost to calculate annual turns and approximate days on hand.

How much is my slow stock draining the business?

Economic Cost of Dead Stock

Finance term: Dead stock / liquidation economics

See the inventory cost basis plus carrying cost less the recovery value you expect to receive from the stock.

How many weeks will my stock last at this demand rate?

How Many Weeks Your Stock Will Last

Finance term: Weeks of stock cover

Divide current units on hand by average weekly demand. No universal good, low or overstock band is applied.

What does it cost to hold unsold stock?

What Holding Stock Costs

Finance term: Inventory carrying cost

Apply the carrying-cost rate you enter to average inventory value, rather than assuming a standard carrying percentage.

When should I reorder to avoid a stockout?

When Should I Reorder?

Finance term: Reorder point / safety stock

Use your average daily demand, supplier lead time and safety stock to calculate the reorder trigger. No lead time or safety stock is assumed.

What does an out-of-stock period cost me?

Stockout Loss Scenario

Finance term: Stockout contribution loss

Model the contribution lost during a stockout using the share of demand you expect to be genuinely lost rather than assuming every unavailable order disappears.

Should I sell singles or in bundles?

Bundle vs Units

Per-unit profit for singles vs bundles at the chosen take-rate — the right read for "should I kit this product?".

What does one worked hour of staff actually cost?

True Cost of One Staff Hour

Finance term: Fully loaded hourly cost

See what one worked hour costs once wages and the employer costs you enter are spread across the working hours you specify.

Is a contractor cheaper than an employee?

Contractor or Employee Cost Comparison

Finance term: Fully loaded labour cost comparison

Compare the annual and hourly cost of the contractor option with the employee costs you actually expect to carry.

How many staff do I need to cover this workload?

Headcount From Workload

Finance term: Headcount capacity

Calculate the headcount implied by the workload, productive capacity and utilisation assumption you enter.

Is overtime cheaper than hiring?

Overtime vs Hire Cost

Finance term: Incremental labour cost comparison

Compare the entered weekly incremental cost of covering the same extra hours with overtime versus a new hire.

What should I charge as a freelancer?

Required Freelancer Charge Rate

Finance term: Billable / charge-out rate

Build the hourly rate required from your target annual compensation, business overhead, optional profit buffer and billable capacity.

How much of my team's paid time is actually productive?

Productive Hours vs Paid Hours

Finance term: Staff utilisation

Divide productive hours by paid hours for the same period. The calculator does not assign a universal good utilisation rate.

How long can I keep going at this burn rate?

How Long Your Cash Will Last

Finance term: Cash runway

See how many months current cash lasts if the average cash inflows and outflows you enter continue at the same rate.

Am I burning cash or generating a monthly surplus?

Monthly Cash Burn or Surplus

Finance term: Monthly burn / burn rate

Compare monthly cash inflows with recurring and irregular cash outflows to see whether the period burns cash or produces a surplus.

What revenue do I need to break even?

Break-Even Revenue

Monthly revenue at which contribution covers fixed costs — the per-month floor for any pricing strategy.

How long is cash tied up before I get paid?

How Long Your Cash Is Tied Up

Finance term: Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC)

Calculate DIO + DSO − DPO from the days you enter. A negative result can occur when supplier terms fund more of the cycle.

How much working capital do I have?

Short-Term Assets vs Liabilities

Finance term: Working capital

Subtract current liabilities from current assets and see the current ratio from the same balance-sheet scope.

How much do I need to raise?

Funding Need

The raise size that funds a runway horizon at the current monthly burn — sized against current cash on hand.

How long is my receivables book taking to collect?

A/R Aging

Bucket totals, % overdue and weighted-average age across 0–30 / 31–60 / 61–90 / 90+ days.

What is my GP rate?

Gross Profit Percentage (GP%)

Gross profit percentage from gross profit and sales — the quick GP ÷ sales × 100 check when you already have both figures.

What percentage of sales is COGS?

COGS Percentage

COGS as a percentage of sales — the fast COGS ÷ revenue × 100 check for margin reviews and management reporting.

What did the inventory I sold actually cost?

Cost of the Stock You Sold

Finance term: Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

Work out the value of the stock that was actually sold during the period from opening stock, purchases and closing stock.

What is my EBITDA from these add-backs?

EBITDA Bridge

Finance term: EBITDA

Start with net profit after tax and add back the interest, income tax, depreciation and amortisation already deducted in the same period.

How much is left after COGS?

Money Left After Product Costs

Finance term: Gross profit / gross profit margin

Enter total sales and the cost of the products sold. Koala shows what is left before wages and other costs, plus the finance term underneath.

How much am I actually keeping?

Net Profit

Net profit from gross profit, opex, interest, D&A and other — pre income tax. The headline "what is left" figure.

Why do my cash and profit figures differ?

Cash vs Accrual

Reconcile accrual profit with operating cash via working-capital changes and D&A — the difference between profit and bank movement.

What amount does this contract-progress scenario allocate?

Revenue Recognition

Recognised revenue = contract value × delivered fraction — the right balance for milestone-style contracts.

When does the business turn profitable?

Break-Even Point

Months until cumulative monthly contribution covers the upfront fixed loss — the long-arc break-even line.

How much of revenue goes to running costs?

Operating Expense Ratio

Operating expense ratio = operating expenses ÷ revenue — the slice of every dollar that goes to running the business.

What percentage of sales goes to overhead?

Overhead Percentage

Overhead as a percentage of revenue — a simple overhead ÷ sales × 100 check for monthly cost control and budgeting.

What percentage of sales do I actually keep?

Net Profit Margin

Net profit margin from net profit and revenue — the quick net profit ÷ sales × 100 check for the bottom-line rate.

Am I growing month-on-month?

Month-on-Month Growth

Month-over-month growth % at this-month vs last-month — the early signal for any turning-point or trendline spike.

What is my actual growth rate?

CAGR

Compound annual growth rate from a starting and ending value — the multi-year smooth read for any forecasting lens.

Am I growing year on year?

Year-on-Year Growth

Year-on-year growth % at the same period last year — strips seasonal swings from the MoM trend.

Are my customers coming back?

Cohort Retention

Per-month retention curve for a same-period cohort — the headline product-market-fit lens for any subscription / membership business.

How many customers come back?

Repeat Purchase Rate

Repeat purchase rate + orders per customer for a single period — the short-window product-market-fit read.

Where does my funnel leak?

Funnel Drop-Off

Per-stage drop-off from sessions → add-to-cart → checkout → orders, plus the biggest drop stage.

Should I hire or outsource this work?

Hire vs Outsource

12-month and steady-state comparison between a contractor and an in-house hire, with the break-even task volume.

Should I buy or lease this asset?

Buy vs Lease

Total buy cost, total lease cost and the cross-over month — at asset price, useful life, residual and finance rate.

Should I make this in-house or buy it?

Make vs Buy

Annual cost comparison and break-even units between in-house production and buying — at unit volume and fixed overhead.

Is a small price hike worth testing?

Price Increase Test

Lift-or-trim test for a price change at constant margin — the per-period profit lift net of any volume drop at the chosen %.

Which pricing tier wins?

Pricing Strategy Worth It

Per-tier profit at expected demand and overhead share — the right metric for picking the right tier to lead with.

Should I launch this new product?

New Product Decision

Lifetime contribution, payback months and ROI % — the right economic read for any new-product or new-line decision.